2012年秋季学期《科技英语》在线考试(适用于2013年1月份考试)

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2012年秋季学期《科技英语》在线考试(适用于2013年1月份考试)
试卷总分：100       测试时间：--
单选题 阅读理解 简答题 完型填空 主观填空题 简答题 论述题  


一、单选题（共 15 道试题，共 15 分。）V 1.  He barely smiled and hardly looked in the （ ） for a party since he had lost the game again
A. mood
B. mind
C. sentiment
D. brain
      满分：1  分
2.  It's too bad Rhonda is moving to Arizona.---I wish it _____ so far away.
A. weren't
B. couldn't be
C. won't be
D. isn't
      满分：1  分
3.  A contract is the only document between the parties to which they may ______ for clarification （澄清）of mutual responsibilities.
A. refer
B. offer
C. prefer
D. differ
      满分：1  分
4.  It is the business of the petroleum industry to find crude oil and gas and to ______ them from the earth on-shore and off-shore.
A. retrieve
B. exchange
C. proceed
D. change
      满分：1  分
5.  Many people ______ it is healthy to drink a lot of fruit juice, but actually it damages health.
A. consume
B. assume
C. recognize
D. realize
      满分：1  分
6.  One’s appearance does not always ______ with his quality, so don’t judge people by looks.
A. compare
B. coincide
C. collide
D. content
      满分：1  分
7.  Time and time again, women seem to ______ on promotion and career opportunities.
A. fall out
B. lose out
C. wipe out
D. put out
      满分：1  分
8.  As telecommunications and networking technologies greatly improve, it is more （ ） people to access others through e-mail, telephone and mobile phones
A. convenient for
B. responsible for
C. capable of
D. aware of
      满分：1  分
9.  Winning by a narrow ______, the Lakers now go on to play in the championship. .
A. combat
B. margin
C. fringe
D. conquest
      满分：1  分
10.  Most schools have plans in place for （ ） to fires, fights, medical emergencies and other situations that call for quick assessment and decisive action
A. converting
B. respecting
C. restoring
D. responding
      满分：1  分
11.  Scientists have discovered that genes may make some people more __________ to anxiety.
A. tend
B. prone
C. likely
D. possible
      满分：1  分
12.  Regarding a job interview, though personality is much more important, don’t （ ） the importance of having a good appearance
A. overhear
B. overcome
C. overtake
D. overlook
      满分：1  分
13.  Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work _____, so we didn’t accept the offer.
A. not being finished
B. had not finished
C. not having finished
D. was not finishing
      满分：1  分
14.  As a （ ） woman, she was then among the few mothers who sent their daughters to school and encouraged them to take part in social activities
A. sensitive
B. sensible
C. sentimental
D. senseless
      满分：1  分
15.  I know Jonathan quite well and never doubt ______he can do a good job of it.
A. while
B. that
C. when
D. what
      满分：1  分

二、阅读理解（共 2 道试题，共 20 分。）V 1.  
    People can be addicted to different things ─ e.g., alcohol, drugs, certain foods, or even television. People who have such an addiction are compulsive, i.e., they have a very powerful psychological need that they feel they must satisfy. According to psychologists, many people are compulsive spenders; They feel that they must spend money. This compulsion, like most others, is irrational ─ impossible to explain reasonably. For compulsive spenders who buy on credit, charge accounts are even more exciting than money. In other words, compulsive spenders feel that with credit, they can do anything. Their pleasure in spending enormous amounts is actually greater than the pleasure that they get from the things they buy.
    There is even a special psychology of bargain-hunting. To save money, of course, most people look for sales, low prices, and discounts. Compulsive bargain hunters, however, often buy things that they don’t need just because they are cheap. They want to believe that they are helping their budgets, but they are really playing an exciting game; when they can buy something for less than other people, they feel that they are winning. Most people, experts claim, have two reasons for their behavior: a good reason for the things that they do and the real reason.
    It is not only scientists, of course, who understand the psychology of spending habits, but also business people. Stores, companies, and advertisers use psychology to increase business. They consider people’s needs for love, power, or influence, their basic values, their beliefs and opinions, and so on in their advertising and sales methods.
    Psychologists often use a method called “behavior therapy” to help individuals solve their personality problems. In the same way, they can help people who feel that they have problems with money.
1). According to the psychologists a compulsive spender is one who spends large amounts of money （ ） .
A. and takes great pleasure from what he or she buys
B. in order to satisfy his or her basic needs in life
C. just to meet his or her strong psychological need
D. entirely with an irrational eagerness
      满分：2  分
2). According to the writer, compulsive bargain hunters are in constant search of the lowest possible prices （） .
A. because they want to save money to help their budgets
B. because they can openly boast of their triumph over others in getting things for less
C. and will not have money problems if they can keep to their budgets
D. but they seldom admit they feel satisfied if they can get things for less than others
      满分：2  分
3). Which of the following is TRUE?
A. All people spend money for exactly the same reason that they need to buy things.
B.
Business people and advertisers can use the psychology of money to increase sales

C. Business people understand the psychology of compulsive buying better than scientists do
D. compulsive bargain hunters do not have problems with money.
      满分：2  分
4). The article is mainly about（）.
A. the psychology of money – spending habits
B. the purchasing habits of compulsive spenders
C. a special psychology of bargain hunting
D. the use of the psychology of spending habits in business
      满分：2  分
5). From the passage we may safely conclude that compulsive spenders or compulsive bargain hunters（）
A. are really unreasonable
B. need special treatment
C. are really beyond remedies
D. can never get any help to solve their problems with money
      满分：2  分
2.  
       Geology is a natural science. With it men can discover all kinds of useful minerals. Geology studies the earth. But of the three spheres, the atmosphere, the hydrosphere and the lithosphere, it only directly studies the lithosphere. It studies the composition and distribution of material in the earth’s crust. It studies also the formation, changes and development of rocks and minerals in the earth’s crust.
       Geology is a very complex science. There are many branches in geology. Mineralogy is the science of the minerals. Petrology is the science of the rocks. Geomorphology deals with origin of landscapes and changes in them. Historical geology traces the evolution and development of the earth and of the animals and plants on it. Stratigraphy studies the sequence of the rocks in the earth’s crust. Paleontology deals with the ancient animals and plants. These are just a few of the most important branches of geology.
       Geology is a very important science. We depend upon geology for the discovery of mineral deposits needed by the various industries. A lot of minerals are used as fuel and raw materials. Without them industrialization is impossible. Minerals are also used as fertilizers in agriculture. China is very rich in mineral deposits of all kinds. The study of geology will help us to discover them.
       Petroleum occurs widely in the earth as gas, liquid, semisolid, or solid, or in more than one of these states at a single place. Chemically any petroleum is an extremely complex mixture of hydrocarbon (hydrogen and carbon) compounds, with minor amounts of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur as impurities. Liquid petroleum, which is called crude oil to distinguish it from refined oil, is the most important commercially. It consists chiefly of the liquid hydrocarbons, with varying amounts of dissolved gases, bitumens, and impurities.
       Petroleum gas, commonly called natural gas to distinguish it from manufactured gas, consists of the lighter paraffin hydrocarbons, of which the most abundant is methane gas (CH4). The semisolid and solid forms of petroleum consist of the heavy hydrocarbons and bitumens.
       Geology plays an important role in the search for oil and natural gas. Four prerequisites are necessary for oil (and gas) to accumulate in commercial quantities in an area: (1) The oil originates in a source bed, and a marine shale, once a black mud rich in organic compounds, is thought to be a common source rock. (2) The oil then migrates to a permeable reservoir rock, and to do this it may travel for long distances both vertically and horizontally. Oil cannot move through the tiny openings of the shale source beds rapidly enough to be extracted profitably. (3) A nonpermeable layer must occur above a reservoir bed. Since oil is lighter than water, it tends to move upward through openings and cracks until it encounters impervious beds that it cannot penetrate. The oil may then accumulate beneath the impervious layers. Some gas occurs in solution within the oil, and if enough is present it separates out to occupy the uppermost region of such a trap. (4) A favorable structure must exist to concentrate the oil and anticlines, salt plugs, and faults are common examples. A fault zone may itself be impervious, or faulting may have shifted an impervious bed so that it now blocks a reservoir bed. Stratigraphic traps tend to be more difficult to locate and may form where tilted reservoir beds are overlain unconformably by impervious layers or where the reservoir beds become thinner up-dip and wedge out within enclosing impervious beds. Thus oil that was once distributed in sparse amounts throughout a very large volume of rock may now be richly concentrated within the uppermost portions of favorable reservoir rocks.
       The task of the geologist is the location of promising structures in regions where rocks are favorable for the occurrence of the other prerequisites. Drilling a hole is then the only known method of determining whether or not oil is present in the structure.
1). What is mainly dealt with in the passage?
A. The formation of oil.
B. The formation of rocks.
C.  The general introduction of geology.
D. The roles of geology in finding oil.
      满分：2  分
2). Geology is a natural science and it does NOT study______.
A.  the minerals in the earth’s crust
B. the rocks in the earth’s crust
C. the evolution and development of the earth
D.  the origin of the atmosphere surrounding the earth
      满分：2  分
3). One prerequisite for oil to accumulate in quantity is that the oil originates in ______.
A. a source rock
B. a black mud
C. the seawater
D. organic compounds
      满分：2  分
4). In the formation of oil, a nonpermeable layer above a reservoir bed is necessary because it can ______.
A. accelerate the travel speed of the oil
B. hinder the oil to move upward
C. help the oil to move upward
D. help people to discover the oil
      满分：2  分
5). Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Drilling a hole is one of the known methods of determining whether or not oil is present in the structure.
B. A geologist usually tries to locate promising structures in regions where rocks are favorable for the occurrence of the other prerequisites.
C. An unfavorable structure must exist to concentrate the oil.
D. A permeable layer must occur above a reservoir bed.
      满分：2  分


2012年秋季学期《科技英语》在线考试(适用于2013年1月份考试)
试卷总分：100       测试时间：--
单选题 阅读理解 简答题 完型填空 主观填空题 简答题 论述题  


三、简答题（共 5 道试题，共 15 分。）V 1.  There has been some concern that the larger denomination notes — a 500 note is worth approximately 315 at the current exchange rate — will be rich pickings for counterfeiters, especially in the early days as people get used to the new currency.


      满分：3  分
2.  While cautioning that margin of error was large enough for render data from the early centuries untrustworthy, they found that 20th century was the warmest of the millennium.


      满分：3  分
3.  In developing countries desperate to feed fast-growing and underfed populations, the issue is simpler and much more urgent: Do the benefits of biotech outweigh the risks?


      满分：3  分
4.  这在很大程度上将取决于她对这一难题的反应。(depend on)


      满分：3  分
5.  中国西部有着丰富的土地和资源，具有很大的开发潜力。(abundant with)


      满分：3  分

、完型填空（共 1 道试题，共 10 分。）V 1.  
    A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so-called digital divide — the division of the world into the info(information) rich and the info poor. And that  (1)  does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was less  (2)  then, however, were the new, positive   (3)  that work against the digital divide.  (4) , there are reasons to be  (5) .
    There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Internet becomes more and more  (6)   , it is in the interest of business to universalize access—after all, the more people online, the more potential  (7)  there are. More and more  (8)  , afraid their countries will be left  (9)  , want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will be  (10) together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will  (11)  rather than widen in the years ahead. And that is very good news because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for  (12)  world poverty that we’ve ever had.
    Of course, the use of the Internet isn’t the only way to  (13)  poverty. And the Internet is not the only tool we have. But it has  (14)  potential.
    To  (15)  advantage of this tool, some poor countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices (16)  respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is a/an  (17)  of their sovereignty（主权）might well study the history of infrastructure (the basic structural foundations of a society) in the United States. When the United States  (18)  its industrial infrastructure, it didn’t have the capital to do so. And that is  (19)  America’s Second Wave infrastructure— (20) roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on—were built with foreign investment.
1).
A. divide
B. information
C. world
D. lecture
      满分：0.5  分
2).
A. unclear
B. visible
C. invisible
D. distinct
      满分：0.5  分
3).
A. forces
B. obstacles
C. events
D. surprises
      满分：0.5  分
4).
A. Seriously
B. Entirely
C. Actually
D. Continuously
      满分：0.5  分
5).
A. negative
B. optimistic
C. pleasant
D. disappointed
      满分：0.5  分
6).
A. developed
B. centralized
C. realized
D. commercialized
      满分：0.5  分
7).
A. users
B. producers
C. customers
D. citizens
      满分：0.5  分
8).
A. enterprises
B. governments
C. officials
D. customers
      满分：0.5  分
9).
A. away
B. for
C. aside
D. behind
      满分：0.5  分
10).
A. netted
B. worked
C. put
D. organized
      满分：0.5  分
11).
A. decrease
B. narrow
C. neglect
D. low
      满分：0.5  分
12).
A. containing
B. preventing
C. keeping
D. combating
      满分：0.5  分
13).
A. win
B. beat
C. defeat
D. fear
      满分：0.5  分
14).
A. enormous
B. endless
C. numerical
D. numbered
      满分：0.5  分
15).
A. bring
B. keep
C. hold
D. take
      满分：0.5  分
16).
A. at
B. with
C. of
D. for
      满分：0.5  分
17).
A. infection
B. investment
C. invasion
D. insult
      满分：0.5  分
18).
A. invented
B. guided
C. built
D. erected
      满分：0.5  分
19).
A. why
B. where
C. when
D. how
      满分：0.5  分
20).
A. concerning
B. concluding
C. according
D. including
      满分：0.5  分 五、主观填空题（共 10 道试题，共 20 分。）V 1.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

As we know, many people have no(concept) understanding of computers and just press the keys.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

2.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

Sleep, just like eating, toileting and dressing is a daily habit that(requirement) regular training before it becomes properly established.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

3.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

The federal government appealed for(restrain), insisting that the crisis could be resolved without the use of force.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

4.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

Any successful and repeatable defeat of a computer’s security controls could result in a(penetrate) of the system.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

5.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

These scientists’work on engines set the s(舞台) for the development of spaceships.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

6.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

Fixed assets c(包含) buildings, equipment and machinery, motor vehicles and other.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

7.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

But party spokesman, and then the new government, said that for children aged under 11 support would c(终止)at the end of primary education, while for those already in secondary education, assistance would continue until the end of schooling.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

8.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

The issue was whether or not bacteria would c(污染) the local ecosystem.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

9.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

His illness has been greatly relieved, but he still needs r(加强) therapy.

  试题满分：2 分
第 1 空、  满分：2 分  

10.  
根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词

The new Volkswagen is much more streamlined and almost all the body panels are c(弯曲的).

  试题满分：2 分、简答题（共 5 道试题，共 15 分。）V 1.  问答题 （根据课本内容回答问题）： What aspects of questions are raised concerning genetically modified foods?


      满分：3  分
2.  问答题 （根据课本内容回答问题）： What effects does global warming have on wildlife?


      满分：3  分
3.  问答题 （根据课本内容回答问题）： What do you know about International Energy Agency? And what are the main functions of International Energy Agency (IEA)?


      满分：3  分
4.  问答题 （根据课本内容回答问题）：What are the great intellectual achievements of the 1st half of the 20th century?


      满分：3  分
5.  问答题 （根据课本内容回答问题）： What does SOHO in the passage stand for? And what benefits has SOHO brought to the U.S. in the last 20 years?


      满分：3  分

、论述题（共 1 道试题，共 5 分。）V 1.  
他虽然学识渊博，但对这种生物科技引起的情况他也不知道如何应付。(for all )

第 1 空、  满分：2 分